Acute prostatitis is the most common disease among men. It is most often diagnosed between the ages of 30 and 50 in nearly 60% of the male population.
In the acute form of prostatitis, an inflammatory process develops in the prostate. For the treatment of this stage of the disease, various groups of drugs are used, prostate massage, physiotherapy. The most important thing in the treatment is to avoid the transition of the pathology to a chronic form.
Acute prostatitis in men and the reasons for its development
Acute prostatitis is the development of an inflammatory process in the prostate caused by the penetration of infection.
The disease is accompanied by swelling and suppuration in the tissues of the prostate.
This is the most common disease among men, which is accompanied by disorders of sexual function and fertility, disorders of psycho-emotional state, as well as social maladjustment.
Acute forms of prostatitis
The development of acute prostatitis goes through 4 stages, which are simultaneously its forms:
- catarrhal;
- follicular;
- parenchyma;
- abscess.
The disease begins with the development of catarrhal inflammation, causing changes in the mucous and submucosal layer of the gland's excretory ducts. Edema of the duct walls causes stagnation of mucopurulent secretions in the prostate follicles. The inflammatory process begins to progress, causing focal suppuration of the prostate lobes. Acute follicular prostatitis is formed.
Multiple damage to the lobules of the gland, a structural change in the tissues of the prostate and the development of a purulent inflammatory process in them lead to the next stage of the disease - parenchyma.
When many foci of inflammation merge into one large one, a prostate abscess forms. There is a possibility to open it in the urethra, perineum, rectum or bladder cavity.
The reasons for the development of the disease
The following factors can cause acute prostatitis in men:
- Infectious processes in the genitourinary system. Infectious agents (gram-negative and gram-positive) can penetrate prostate tissues: Escherichia coli, Proteus, staphylococci, streptococci. In many cases, the acute form of the disease can be caused by agents causing urogenital infections, such as: ureoplasmosis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, gonorrhea, candidiasis, etc.
- Infectious processes that enter the urethra through the urethra. Microbes can enter prostate tissue through the prostate's excretory ducts that open into the urethra. That is why any kind of bladder inflammation is accompanied by acute prostatitis in men.
- Infectious processes that enter the gland through the blood. The penetration of infection into the prostate through the blood supply system is due to its highly developed system of arterial and venous fusion. The microbes in this case are transported by the circulatory system from distant foci of purulent inflammation in diseases such as tonsillitis, caries, sinusitis, bronchitis, cholecystitis and others.
- Sedentary lifestyle. As a result of low motor activity, stagnation of prostate juice forms. This is facilitated by: long-term computer work, rare walks outdoors, smoking and drinking alcohol, rare sex, refusal of active rest.
- Hypothermia. Prolonged exposure to cold in the genitourinary system causes disturbances in the blood supply, which also leads to stagnation of the prostate, which causes the appearance of acute prostatitis.
- Injuries to the pelvic organs and prostate. When an injury is received, the release of secretion from the prostate is difficult, which leads to the development of an inflammatory process, which later causes acute prostatitis.
- Medical procedures. An acute form of prostatitis can develop as a result of chemotherapy or radiation therapy, as well as after medical examinations through the urethra.
Symptoms
The clinical picture in acute prostatitis is characterized by the presence of the following signs:
- Difficulty urinating
- sensation of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
- the occurrence of frequent urge to urinate;
- itching and burning;
- dull pain in the head of the penis, radiating to the anus (as the pathology develops, the pain becomes chronic);
- pain during defecation;
- increased body temperature (from 37 to 40 degrees - depending on the stage of development of the disease);
- decreased sexual desire;
- erection problems;
- the content of traces of pus and blood in the urine;
- deterioration of general well-being.
Treatment
Acute prostatitis, in contrast to the chronic form of the disease, responds well to therapy. Serious complications are very rare.
The most important task of drug treatment is to rid the patient of the pain syndrome and the causative agent of the pathology, to restore the normal process of urination.
Medications used in the medical treatment of acute prostatitis:
- AntibioticsThe main group of drugs in the treatment of acute prostatitis. To choose an antibiotic, the doctor must accurately determine the causative agent of the disease. Most often, a combination of antibiotics is prescribed, when one drug is taken in one course, after which it is replaced by another. This approach minimizes the development of re-inflammation and prevents the transition from an acute to a chronic form of the disease. Antibiotics-fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, penicillins are successfully used.
- DiureticsDiuretics are prescribed to ease the urination process and reduce stress. Diuretics promote regular, volumetric production of urine. Herbal medicines and diuretics are used.
- Antipyretic. They are used to reduce body temperature, eliminate joint and headache pain.
- Antispasmodics. Medications that relax smooth muscles, relieve spasms. In addition, drugs in this group relieve pain and help relieve urination.
- Alpha blockers. Medicines that relieve spasms well, stimulate and facilitate the removal of urine from the patient.
After removing the main symptoms of the disease, prostate massage and physiotherapy procedures can be prescribed additionally.
After recovery, you must lead a healthy lifestyle.
Correctly selected treatment and compliance with all medical prescriptions will eliminate acute prostatitis and prevent it from becoming chronic.